Strategic Planning is an exercise that is often alternatively loathed and lauded. For some the whole experience conjures up dread from challenging efforts of the past. For others it feels like an academic and draining process, requiring lots of effort, producing a glossy publication that no one ever refers to again. Others go through the process believing the outcome of such work as leading to a ball and chain that forever ties them to tactics and objectives that will be outdated in a matter of months but yet must be doggedly adhered to and pursued regardless of relevance.
Strategic planning doesn't have to be this way. I do believe in the power of strategic planning and of strategic thinking and that some core principles can unleash the power of long-term planning not only for organizations but also for individuals and teams - Yes, I believe that we can apply strategic planning to our individual lives as well!
First, I believe that we have to change the notion that a strategic plan is a static document. A strategic plan should provide long-term direction recognizing that NONE OF US has a crystal ball that will unfailingly predict the future for any time period whatsoever. However, we can and should be diligent in assessing our own organizations and the environments in which they work in. If done well - and with courage and objectivity - we can learn much from what has worked in the past, what some of the larger trends in our working environments have been, what some of the possibilities for change in the future will be, and how we can or should try to respond to those realities. Therefore, for a strategic plan to maintain its relevance over a 3-year, 5-year or even longer timeframe, consider where you want the organization to be - more or less - at the end of that frame of reference, recognizing that the exact version of reality at the end of that journey will not perfectly match with what you hope for today.
This first point directly relates to being very clear about how the strategic plan/priorities align with the organization's Mission, Vision and Values. There is often just as much controversy and eye-rolling when it comes to MVV as there is with strategic planning. I have had some senior leaders express disdain for the utility of a well-crafted MVV and have had as many front line leaders and staff express cynicism that these foundational components are anything but fluff, bearing no reality to what really happens in the real world. However, when these have been developed with all seriousness and good intent, they can be powerful anchors for developing strategic priorities and holding leaders and staff to account for the work that is to be done. The Mission, Vision and Values can and should be guideposts for what the organization commits to doing and how it will deliver on the work ahead.
Just as important to the utility of a strategic plan as the MVV is an objective and courageous assessment of the organization itself and the environment it is - and will be - operating in. This is often what I call the Interrogating Reality phase of strategic planning. All too often the excitement of strategic planning is focused on all the things that individual leaders want to have the organization do. There is either no work done on assessing current and future state, OR there is superficial work done here for the sake of completeness (a check box approach) OR there is an assumption that all stakeholders are operating from the same understanding of where the organization is at. But if the planning process fails to vigorously evaluate, debate and agree on reality all of the options of "things to do" will either result in unchallenged directions/decisions (e.g., loudest voice wins) or in a series of unconstructive arguments about which particular direction/initiative is the correct one to choose. Failing to understand the foundations upon which an organization's plan is built simply means a weak/weaker plan and one that there is less ability to properly execute later.
Pay now (in time, energy, and effort) or pay later. the consequences of paying later are far greater than making the investment up front.
One of the next challenges in creating - and executing on - a strategic plan is balancing broad, directional initiatives with a level of specificity that helps all stakeholders understand what the strategic plan commits the organization to do and how each individual's work aligns with the overall plan. As noted this can be a challenging balancing act. The reality is that the need for a long-term vision comes up against the inherent inability for anyone to predict a future with 100% accuracy. The cure for this challenge is best illustrated through the use of a metaphor. Think of a your work towards achieving long-term vision as a river flowing towards an ocean. Just as no river flows in a straight line, but meanders over an ever-changing landscape, so too will your tactics and timing have to be altered while you inevitably move towards an aspirational goal. Specificity comes, and is required, to ensure that the organization is taking deliberate steps towards its desired goals and just as importantly gives the organization the ability to say no to undertaking initiatives/steps that will not be helpful to getting to the agreed upon destination.
Specificity is also required to support assignment of accountability for results. Being specific supports assignment of ownership and responsibility for actions and results to the C-Suite right through to front-line personnel if done appropriately. Moreover, by confirming and agreeing on actions, results and milestones expected we can further understand relationships between various initiatives and the work of individual personnel. Digging into this work clarifies who is accountable, who has supportive roles in delivery, who might need to be consulted in the work ahead, and who might simply need to be informed of the work to be done. All of this needs to be formalized in respect of individual performance goals and monitoring and reporting requirements.
At the end of the day, a well formulated and well understood strategic plan can provide strong guidance to the whole organization, support effective communication and partnership to external stakeholders, frame performance expectations for all individuals, allow for appropriate monitoring and redirection as required, and allow an organization to say NO to options that don't serve the journey to the desired destination/ocean.
A strategic planning exercise need not be approached with dread or apathy. Done well, it can ensure inspiration and aspiration, and support alignment and direction setting rather than being seen as a burden or nightmare to navigate. The promise inherent in a strategic plan, however, only is realized through deliberate thought and energetic leadership from the outset and through to execution. At the end of the day, like everything else that supports success, it's all about leadership.